A cardiac arrest is one of the most devastating events that can occur to a patient. Many attempts at resuscitation fail, but even with successful resuscitation, many patients die early from cardiac dysfunction, or later from neurologic dysfunction. (1,2) Comprehensive post-resuscitation care therefore aims to address the complex post-cardiac arrest syndrome and allow neurologically intact survival.

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Cystatin C is a 122-amino-acid, 13 kDa protein that is a member of the family of competitive inhibitors of lysosomal cysteine proteinases. (1) Serum cystatin C is a useful tool employed in cardiac disease patients to measure kidney function, (2,3) and it may be a risk factor for cardiac events, including heart failure, coronary artery disease, and diastolic dysfunction, with or without chronic heart disease. (4-11) The estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of serum creatinine is also an established tool employed in measuring kidney function in cardiac disease patients. (12)

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Surgical repair of traumatic fractured neck of femur (DHS or hemiarthroplasty) in elderly patients is a frequent procedure performed in acute theatres in New Zealand. National data using public theatre coding statistics show that close to 2800 procedures for surgical repair of fractured neck of femur are performed per annum in New Zealand. This number has more than doubled over the past 5 years. International data on fractured neck of femur predict a 3-4 fold increase in the numbers presenting by 2050. (1) These rising trends are related to our aging population.

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Intensive Care Units (ICUs) are equiped with many complex life support devices, which are key to monitoring intensive procedures performed by highly trained medical personels 24 hours a day. It is obvious that ICUs consume considerable operational resources and require very high maintenance cost. However, mortality rates of critically ill surgical patients remain very high regardless of technologically advanced centers. Dr. Hasan Sadikin ICU is the provincial referral ICU for West Java province.

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